水果和蔬菜的消费降低了快速功能下降的风险:台湾的一项前性队列研究

Ching-Yao Tsai¹, Yun-Ju Lai², Shen-Shong Chang³

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taiwan; Department of Health and Welfare, College of City Management, University of Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD

|December 11, 2025

概括

每天吃更多的水果和蔬菜可以显著降低功能迅速下降的风险. 促进富含这些食物的饮食对于预防慢性病至关重要.

科学领域:

腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
营养科学营养科学
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

关于水果和蔬菜摄入量和功能下降的基于人口的数据有限.
现有证据在水果和蔬菜对病进展的保护作用方面不一致.

研究的目的:

调查每日水果和蔬菜消费与快速功能下降风险之间的关联.
为了在一个大规模的台湾成年人群中分析这种关系.

主要方法:

一项从2009年到2022年对86,813名台湾成年人 (年龄≥18) 进行的前性队列研究.
分析包括参与者至少有两次血清肌素测量.
通过每年估计的淋巴细胞过率 (eGFR) 变化评估功能下降;快速下降被定义为eGFR损失的最高三分之一.

主要成果:

每年平均eGFR下降幅度为0.38%,0.36%和0.30%,分别为每天<3,3-5和≥5份水果和蔬菜 (P<.001).
每天摄入3-5份 (AOR=0.95) 或≥5份 (AOR=0.93) 与<3份相比,与快速功能下降的风险较低有关.
在较高摄入量和降低风险之间观察到显著的线性剂量反应关系 (P < .001).

结论:

更多的水果和蔬菜消费与较低的功能迅速下降的风险有关.
建议在饮食中推广水果和蔬菜,以预防慢性病 (CKD).
这项研究提供了强有力的证据,支持丰富的水果和蔬菜饮食的脏保护作用.

关键词:

慢性脏疾病慢性脏疾病群组研究是一项群组研究.水果和蔬菜的水果和蔬菜的蔬菜.

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