营养模式和死亡率:来自日本多机构合作队列 (J-MICC) 研究的结果
Akari Matsuura1,2, Takeshi Watanabe3, Yuka Torii1,2
1Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
富含叶酸,纤维和维生素等特定营养素的健康饮食与日本成年人较低的死亡率有关. 坚持这些营养模式可能会降低所有死因,心血管疾病和脑血管疾病的死亡风险.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的预防.
- 以前的研究集中在营养模式和心脏代谢风险因素或非传染性疾病.
- 营养模式与死亡率之间的关联需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 检查营养模式与全因死亡率之间的关系.
- 调查营养模式与特定原因死亡率之间的关联.
- 为了分析日本大人口中的营养模式.
主要方法:
- 对72,939名日本成年人 (35-69岁) 进行前性队列分析,随访时间为11.7年.
- 因子分析从21种营养素中确定了四种营养模式.
- 多变量考克斯比例危险模型评估了因混因素而调整的死亡风险.
主要成果:
- 较高的模式1摄入量 (叶酸,胡卜素,纤维,维生素C,,铁,视网醇) 与减少所有原因,心血管疾病 (CVD) 和脑血管疾病死亡率相关.
- 适度摄入模式2 (不和脂肪酸,维生素E) 与较低的全因和癌症死亡率有关.
- 相反,较高的模式2摄入量显示大脑血管疾病死亡风险增加.
结论:
- 富含叶酸,胡卜素,纤维,维生素C,,铁和视网醇的营养模式与日本成年人死亡率的降低有关.
- 适度摄入不和脂肪酸和维生素E也可能降低死亡风险.
- 针对这些营养模式的饮食干预可以改善人口健康结果.
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