将可解释的AI与临床特征集成,以增强ADHD诊断理解
Hafiz Muhammad Shakeel1, Grigorios Antoniou1, Marios Adamou2
1School of Built Environment, Engineering and Computing, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|December 12, 2025
概括
机器学习通过整合各种临床数据,提高准确性和透明度,提高了成年ADHD诊断. 可解释的AI方法验证了诸如ADHD症状和并发症等关键预测因素.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 成年注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 诊断是具有挑战性的,因为主观的评估.
- 机器学习 (ML) 提供了潜力,但缺乏对临床使用的透明度.
- 有限的研究整合了广泛的临床,物质使用和生活质量数据来预测ADHD.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一个透明的ML框架,用于成人ADHD诊断.
- 整合多模式临床数据,包括症状尺度,物质使用和生活质量.
- 将可解释的AI (XAI) 见解与传统的统计分析进行比较.
主要方法:
- 追溯分析来自英国专业心理健康服务的786个成年人的评估.
- 使用XGBoost分类器与SHapley添加式解释 (SHAP) 进行解释.
- 将SHAP归因与皮尔森相关性和韦尔奇t测试进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 实现了77%的准确性和0.82AUC-ROC用于ADHD诊断.
- CAARS ADHD原始分数和DIVA成年时的注意力不集中是主要预测因素.
- SHAP揭示了相互作用,例如,PHQ-9放大了ADHD症状预测;年龄和性别适度的影响.
结论:
- 透明的ML与多式联络数据改善了成人ADHD诊断的一致性.
- SHAP-EDA方法提供了可解释的,临床相关的见解.
- 这些发现支持以患者为中心,数据驱动的诊断框架.
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