预测尿路感染的多因素机器学习模型:试点研究
Fabio Grizzi1,2, Mohamed A A A Hegazi3, Marta Noemi Monari4
1Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. fabio.grizzi@humanitasresearch.it.
International urology and nephrology
|December 12, 2025
概括
低维生素D水平与尿路感染 (UTI) 有关. 使用维生素D水平,尿液pH值,年龄和性别的机器学习模型可以高准确度地预测尿路感染.
科学领域:
- 免疫学和微生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 维生素D对于免疫功能和-酸盐平衡至关重要.
- 维生素D缺乏与免疫失调有关,增加了诸如尿路感染等感染的风险.
- 尿中的25-基维生素D (25(OH) D) 水平正在被探索为尿路感染风险的潜在生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究尿液25OH) D水平与尿路感染发生之间的关联.
- 开发和评估机器学习模型,以利用人口和生物化学数据进行尿路感染预测.
主要方法:
- 分析了358名受试者的队列,收集了人口统计,生化和微生物学数据.
- 开发了12个机器学习模型,使用尿25 (OH) D,尿液pH,年龄和性别.
- 模型使用包括精度,灵敏度,特异性,PPV,NPV,AUC-ROC和F1分数在内的指标进行评估.
主要成果:
- 在阳性和阴性尿液培养 (p < 0.001) 个体之间观察到尿25(OH) D水平的显著差异.
- 机器学习模型的准确度从64%到87%不等,堆叠模型的准确度达到88%.
- 性能最好的堆叠模型显示了83%的灵敏度,94%的特异性,AUC-ROC为0.93.
结论:
- 下尿25~OH) D水平显著与增加的尿路感染发生有关.
- 机器学习模型显示出作为UTI诊断的辅助工具的前景,补充传统方法.
- 需要进一步的验证和前性研究来评估这些预测模型的临床影响.
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