在肯尼亚儿童中神经发育障碍的负担
Symon M Kariuki1,2,3,4, Patricia Kipkemoi1,5, Martha Z Kombe1
1Neuroscience Unit, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
JAMA network open
|December 12, 2025
概括
神经发育障碍 (NDD) 影响9.1%的肯尼亚儿童,ADHD和认知障碍是最常见的. 可预防的环境因素和相关疾病,如营养不良,需要对非洲儿童人口的紧急关注.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 神经发育障碍 (NDD),包括自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD),注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 和智力障碍,构成了全球重大健康负担.
- 非洲的NDD的流行和影响仍未充分记录,因此需要在该地区进行专注的研究.
研究的目的:
- 确定肯尼亚年轻儿童中NDD的流行率.
- 为了确定这一群体中NDDs的风险因素,并发症和社会人口统计学关联.
主要方法:
- 在肯尼亚的基利菲卫生和人口监测系统中进行了一项横截面研究.
- 6-9岁的儿童接受了两阶段的查和临床评估过程.
- 用通用线性模型来分析患病率,风险因素和并发症.
主要成果:
- 调整后的NDD患病率为9.1%,其中ADHD和认知障碍是最常见的.
- 在22.6%的受影响儿童中观察到NDD的同时发生.
- 周产期不良事件,发烧性感染,皮卡 (吃土壤),打和无地状态是显著的危险因素.
结论:
- 在肯尼亚的学龄儿童中,NDD很普遍,与可能可预防的环境因素有显著的关联.
- 相关的医学并发症,如运动神经元功能障碍和营养不良,需要临床治疗.
- 对NDD及其并发性疾病的早期识别和干预策略对于非洲儿童健康至关重要.
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