基于大型语言模型的患者模拟以培养医疗保健专业人员的沟通技巧:以用户为中心的开发和可用性研究
Ahmed Elhilali1, Andy Suy-Huor Ngo1, Daniel Reichenpfader1
1Institute Patient-centered Digital Health, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Biel, Switzerland.
JMIR medical education
|December 12, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 为医学教育患者模拟提供了可扩展的解决方案. 这种高度可用的工具需要反机制,以最大限度地发挥其沟通技巧培训的潜力.
科学领域:
- 医疗教育 技术 技术 医学教育
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床技能培训 临床技能培训
背景情况:
- 标准化的患者对于医疗沟通技能培训至关重要.
- 基于演员的模拟在社会人口统计学多样性和可扩展性方面存在局限性.
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 为多样化和可扩展的患者模拟提供了一个有希望的途径.
研究的目的:
- 介绍使用LLMs进行病史记录模拟的数字工具的系统架构.
- 评估基于LLM的患者模拟工具的可用性.
- 探索LLM在模拟患者接触方面的差异.
主要方法:
- 用户为中心的设计过程与医学学生的投入.
- 开发一个整合5个LLM (OpenAI,Anthropic,xAI) 的Web原型.
- 与医学学生进行可用性测试 (SUS问卷) 和定性反.
- 实践医生对模拟质量的探索性分析.
主要成果:
- 该工具表现出高感知可用性 (SUS平均得分为91.5).
- 用户想要一个"教学循环"与自动反增强学习.
- 在模拟不确定性和对话流程方面,LLM表现出局限性,但在症状一致性和现实的时间表方面表现出色.
- 在统计学上,LLM之间的差异没有显著意义,评估的区分可靠性有限.
结论:
- 成功开发了一种利用LLMs的高可用性患者模拟工具.
- 集成自动反机制对于实现该工具在沟通培训中的全部潜力至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该专注于心理社会患者特征的LLM模拟.
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