振动频率,振幅和方向对人类步行指标的影响
Flavia Marrone1, Filippo Motta2, Stefano Marelli1
1Politecnico di Milano, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Milan, Italy.
Journal of biomechanics
|December 12, 2025
概括
振动显著改变步态,最显著的是步幅和节奏. 在更高的振幅和频率下,旋转振动,特别是滚动,对行走的工人构成最大的风险.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
背景情况:
- 步态分析对于理解人类运动至关重要.
- 全身振动 (WBV) 对步态的影响需要进一步研究,特别是对于职业安全标准.
研究的目的:
- 分析不同振动参数对步态指标的影响.
- 为了识别最显著地影响行走模式的振动条件.
主要方法:
- 31名志愿者在各种振动条件下 (线性和旋转) 在3DOF跑步机上进行了行走试验.
- 全因数设计探索了振动幅度 (4-8 cm/°),频率 (0.25-1 Hz) 和步行速度 (0.7-1 m/s).
- 测量了包括步幅和节奏在内的步行指标.
主要成果:
- 所有的步态指标都被振动显著改变.
- 步幅和节奏显示出最明显的变化.
- 旋转振动,特别是滚动,在更高的振幅和频率下对步态产生了最大的影响.
结论:
- 了解有害的振动影响是更新职业安全标准的关键.
- 特定的振动参数,特别是旋转,显著损害了步行的稳定性.
- 调查结果为对步行工人WBV暴露的ISO标准的修订提供了信息.
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