化学工业向净零二氧化碳排放路径的转变
Ferdi Schüth1, Stephan A Schunk2,3,4
1Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
|December 12, 2025
概括
化学工业可以通过从化石燃料转向可再生资源,显著减少其6%的温室气体排放贡献. 关键的基础化学品可以可持续生产,尽管经济和能源挑战仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 工业化学 工业化学 工业化学
背景情况:
- 化学工业约占全球人为温室气体排放量的6%,主要来自能源消耗和化石原料使用.
- 为了减轻全球变暖,必须大幅减少这些排放量.
- 过渡到可再生能源和非化石原料是脱碳的关键战略.
研究的目的:
- 评估在化学工业中用可再生替代品取代化石原料的可行性.
- 用可持续资源确定可扩展的生产关键基础化学品的途径.
- 突出化工行业向气候中立转型所面临的挑战和要求.
主要方法:
- 审查现有和新兴技术,以从可再生资源中生产C1基石,油脂,芳香物和氨.
- 分析原料的可用性,包括CO2,可再生,生物质和回收聚合物.
- 评估过程概念,以减少氨生产的温室气体足迹.
主要成果:
- 甲醇可以从二氧化碳和可再生气中大规模生产.
- 可以使用基于甲醇的工艺 (甲醇到Olefins,甲醇到芳香物) 生产油脂和芳香物.
- 可持续的原料选择,如生物质和回收聚合物,可以补充这些过程,并且可以使用低温室气体氨生产方法.
结论:
- 化学工业必不可少的构建块可以在规模上从可再生资源中生产.
- 主要挑战包括不利的经济条件,原料转型的速度,以及对可再生能源的大量需求.
- 实现可持续的化学工业需要克服经济障碍,并确保大量的可再生能源.
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