父母的数字谈话的复杂性预测了学龄前儿童在核心知识方面的收益
David C Geary1,2, Emine Simsek3, Sara Gable4
1Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA. GearyD@Missouri.edu.
Scientific reports
|December 12, 2025
概括
父母的数字谈话复杂性显著提高了孩子们早期的数字感和数字识别. 儿童的执行功能也支持数字词理解的增长,突出了早期数学发展的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 幼儿教育对于发展基础数学概念至关重要.
- 了解数字词和数字知识的预测因素对于有效的早期数学干预至关重要.
- 家长的参与和课堂环境对早期学习结果有很大的影响.
研究的目的:
- 确定父母,儿童和课堂因素,预测幼儿对数字和数字的基本知识的增长.
- 研究家庭数学活动,家长的态度和孩子的数学发展之间的关系.
- 检查儿童的认知能力和课堂经验在他们获得数字概念方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 对86名学龄前儿童 (平均年龄3.83岁) 和他们的父母 (平均年龄35.17岁) 的长度研究.
- 评估儿童的核心知识,执行功能,工作记忆和智力.
- 利用了关于数学焦虑和信仰的家长问卷,一个家长和孩子的数字交谈任务,以及对注意力行为和数学内容的课堂观察.
主要成果:
- 在5个月的时间里,儿童在数字词 (d=0.57) 和数字 (d=0.65) 的核心知识方面取得了显著的进步.
- 父母的数字谈话的复杂性是儿童对数字单词 (β=0.27) 和数字 (β=0.25) 的核心值理解的关键预测因素.
- 儿童的执行功能 (β=0.30) 预测了数字词知识的增长,而数字识别 (β=0.24) 预测了数字知识的增长.
结论:
- 父母在与数字相关的互动过程中使用的语言的复杂性是儿童早期数字概念发展的关键因素.
- 儿童的认知技能,如执行功能和数字识别,在发展数字词和数字理解方面发挥着特殊作用.
- 调查结果强调了丰富的家庭计算环境的重要性,以及为培养早期数学能力提供有针对性的课堂支持.
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