使用可解释机器学习 (XML) 增强的多个神经网络,被动确定3D打印混凝土的异型压力强度
Imtiaz Iqbal1, Tala Kasim2, Svetlana Besklubova3
1Department of Civil Engineering, Aston University, B4 7ET, Birmingham, UK.
Scientific reports
|December 12, 2025
概括
先进的神经网络准确地预测了3D混凝土打印 (3DCP) 的压力强度,其中包括纤维和废物. 卷积神经网络 (CNN) 模型显示出卓越的性能,识别了影响3DCP材料特性的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 材料科学与工程 材料科学与工程
- 土木工程 土木工程是指土木工程.
- 建筑工程中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 3D混凝土打印 (3DCP) 提供了建筑优势,如速度和设计灵活性.
- 纳入纤维和工业废物可以提高3DCP的性能和可持续性.
- 预测这些复杂的3DCP混合物的压力强度 (CS) 与传统方法相比具有挑战性.
研究的目的:
- 为3D混凝土打印 (3DCP) 的压力强度 (CS) 开发可靠的预测模型.
- 采用先进的神经网络和深度学习算法来进行CS预测.
- 确定影响3DCP的CS的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 从已发表的文献中收集了200个实验CS实例的数据库,用于3DCP.
- 经过训练和验证的多层感知器 (MLP),卷积神经网络 (CNN) 和辐射基础功能神经网络 (RBFNN) 模型.
- 使用了k倍验证,错误指标,残余评估,沙普利 (SHAP) 和个人条件预期 (ICE) 分析.
主要成果:
- CNN模型实现了最高的预测性能,测试R2值为0.95.
- SHAP和ICE分析确定了水与水泥的比率,加载方向和纤维含量是影响CS的关键因素.
- 为利益相关者实施,开发了一个实用的图形用户界面 (GUI).
结论:
- 深度学习模型,特别是CNN,对于预测3DCP的复杂行为非常强大.
- 开发的模型和确定的关键影响因素可以指导3DCP的可持续设计.
- 图形界面促进了人工智能驱动的洞察力在3DCP材料开发中的实际应用.
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