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植物补救作为减轻空气污染的基于自然的解决方案:一项审查

Umesh Sharma¹, Shilpa Sharma², Neeraj Sankhyan³

¹Department of Forestry, School of Agriculture, Dev Bhoomi, Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India.

International journal of phytoremediation

|December 13, 2025

概括

植物修复利用植物来清除空气污染,为改善全球空气质量提供可持续的,低成本的解决方案. 这种基于自然的解决方案有效地去除颗粒物,挥发性有机化合物和重金属.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
植物生物学植物生物学
生物技术是生物技术.

背景情况:

空气污染每年造成数百万的过早死亡,几乎所有人都暴露在不安全的水平上.
传统的污染控制技术是昂贵的,能源密集型,并产生废物.
人们迫切需要可持续且具有成本效益的空气质量管理解决方案.

研究的目的:

审查和综合空气质量管理的植物修复的最新进展.
整合植物修复的机制,植物特征,技术创新和社会经济方面.
评估植物修复作为可持续空气质量的可行自然解决方案 (NbS).

主要方法:

对156项同行评审研究 (2020-2025) 的系统文献综述.
对植物物种,功能特征和微生物相互作用在污染物减轻方面的分析.
工程系统的评估,如绿色墙壁和纳米粒子辅助修复.

主要成果:

特定的树种可以将PM2.5降低高达25%;室内植物可以将VOC降低30-44%.
超蓄电机和工程系统在去除重金属 (超过90%) 和挥发性有机物 (72.5%) 方面表现出高效率.
纳米粒子辅助系统在水性环境中可实现高达99.58%的去除.

结论:

植物补救是一种可扩展的,低成本的基于自然的解决方案,用于各种空气污染物.
尽管存在诸如污染物特异性和季节性变化等挑战,但最近的创新提高了其可行性.
植物修复为全球空气质量改善提供了一个可持续的途径.

关键词:

空气质量空气质量环境可持续性环境可持续性物理疗法物理疗法物理疗法

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