医疗保健专业人员对高风险婴儿和低风险婴儿的补充养和过敏预防的调查:EAACI工作组的报告
Emilia Vassilopoulou1,2,3,4, Sophia Tsabouri5, Stefania Arasi6
1Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Allergy
|December 13, 2025
概括
医疗保健专业人员 医疗保健专业人员
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 补充养 (CF) 显著影响婴儿发育,饮食习惯和食物过敏 (FA) 风险.
- 当前的指导和卫生保健专业人员 (HCP) 实施FA预防策略缺乏明确性.
- 了解医疗保健人员对CF的看法对于FA预防至关重要,这对于改进指南至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查医疗保健专业人员 (HCP) 关于补充养 (CF) 预防食物过敏 (FA) 的现有做法和观点.
- 识别CF策略和FA风险因素识别的区域和专业差异.
- 评估对FA预防的标准化,但灵活的框架的需求.
主要方法:
- 欧洲过敏和临床免疫学会 (EAACI) 工作组在2023年12月至2024年5月期间分发了一项在线调查.
- 该调查针对医疗保健人员 (儿科医生,过敏学家,营养学家) 评估CF时间,过敏原引入,补充和FA预防.
- 分析了来自550名医疗保健人员的数据,主要来自欧洲,以确定趋势和差异.
主要成果:
- 医疗保健人员建议在5-6个月左右开始CF,在高风险婴儿中更早开始.
- 亚托皮炎和家族病史是最被认可的FA风险因素.
- 观察到显著的区域差异,北欧的HCP倾向于更早的引入,而南欧的HCP倾向于更结构化,更晚的方法.
- 维生素D,益生菌和omega-3脂肪酸是常见的补充建议.
结论:
- 医疗保健工作人员对CF预防FA的方法因地区,职业和教育而有很大不同.
- 现有的FA预防指南需要调整,以适应不同的做法和文化背景.
- 需要一个灵活的,以证据为基础的框架,以优化全球的FA预防策略.
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