关于个人安置和对新人群的支持的最新情况:一个元分析性审查
Gary R Bond1, Robert E Drake2, Deborah R Becker3
1Department of Psychology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA. garybond70@gmail.com.
个人安置和支持 (IPS) 职业康复显示,早期精神病,物质使用障碍和常见精神障碍患者的就业结果是积极的. 需要进一步的研究来应对实施挑战,并提高这些新人群的研究质量.
科学领域:
- 职业康复 职业康复 职业康复
- 精神科康复 精神科康复
- 基于证据的实践.
背景情况:
- 个人安置和支持 (IPS) 是一种基于证据的职业康复模式.
- 在患有严重精神疾病 (SMI) 的人群中,IPS已被证明是有效的.
- 最近的努力已经将IPS扩展到新的残疾人群体.
研究的目的:
- 在五个新的群体中审查IPS有效性的证据.
- 人群包括早期精神病,常见的精神障碍,物质使用障碍,创伤后应激障碍和严重的医疗状况.
- 通过对受控试验的元分析,更新就业结果的发现.
主要方法:
- 对新种群的IPS受控试验的系统审查.
- 电子搜索以确定最近的研究.
- 用于计算就业结果的整体概率比率 (OR) 和95%置信区间 (CI) 的元分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了19项受控试验,其中9项自2019年以来发表.
- 在早期精神病 (OR=3.39),物质使用障碍 (OR=1.88) 中发现了显著的积极就业结果 (OR > 1).
- 常见的精神障碍显示出对就业改善的无意义趋势 (OR=1.42). 关于PTSD和严重医疗状况的证据是混合的.
结论:
- 在扩展到新人群时,IPS显示了总体上积极的就业结果.
- 文献的质量受到实施问题,小样本大小和方法学挑战的限制.
- IPS仍然是具有广泛适用性的领先的职业康复干预措施.
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