自闭症特征和认知功能:从年轻到年长的成年人的横截面研究
Marine Bessé1, Shasha Morel-Kohlmeyer2, Julia Capdeville1
1Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Team "Vieillissement et Psychopathologie de la Mémoire" UMR CNRS 7295, University of Tours, University of Poitiers, France; Université de Tours, INSERM, Imaging Brain & Neuropsychiatry iBraiN U1253, 37032, Tours, France.
Acta psychologica
|December 13, 2025
概括
自闭症的特征与所有年龄段的语言记忆力较差有关. 虽然有自闭症特征的年轻人和中年成人报告了更多的执行困难,但这种关联在老年人中减弱.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 在一般人群中,自闭症特征越来越多地得到认可.
- 认知功能在整个生命周期中发生变化.
- 了解自闭症特征与衰老中的认知之间的相互作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索不同年龄段的自闭症特征与认知功能之间的关系.
- 为了研究自闭症特征如何影响整个成年期的特定认知领域.
- 检查自闭症特征与自我报告的执行功能之间的关系中的与年龄相关的差异.
主要方法:
- 招募的年轻人 (19-39岁),中年 (40-57岁) 和老年人 (60-80岁).
- 进行基于表现的认知评估 (记忆,处理速度,执行功能).
- 利用自报告测量自闭症特征 (自闭症谱系系数 - AQ) 和执行功能,包括焦虑和抑郁等级.
主要成果:
- 自闭症特征 (AQ分数) 与年龄有负相关性.
- 在所有年龄组中,更高的自闭症特征与较低的口头短期和工作记忆表现相关.
- 自闭症特征与自我报告的执行困难之间的联系在年轻人和中年人群中存在,但在老年人群中减少.
结论:
- 自闭症特征和认知功能表现出复杂的,年龄相关的关系.
- 与自闭症特征相关的感知执行功能困难可能会随着年龄的增长而减少.
- 需要对更大,更多样化的样本进行进一步的研究,才能充分阐明这些寿命相关性.
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