在黑色素瘤中降低全身疗法强度的现有和新兴机会:范围审查
Jennifer A Soon1, Fanny Franchini2, Peter Gourlay3
1Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Australia; Cancer Health Services Research, University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
概括
优化黑色素瘤治疗减强对于患者安全至关重要. 缩短抗PD-1疗法和新辅助策略有希望,但需要对生物标志物和患者报告结果进行更多研究.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 临床试验 临床试验
背景情况:
- 越来越多的人对优化黑色素瘤管理感兴趣,以减少过度治疗.
- 关于减强策略的临床指导仍然很少.
- 系统疗法和生物标志物在新兴的减强方法中发挥着关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 描述系统疗法和生物标志物在黑色素瘤减强中的作用.
- 总结研究类型,资金来源和患者报告结果 (PRO) 在减强研究中的使用.
主要方法:
- 对MEDLINE,EMBASE,PubMed,Google Scholar和引文搜索进行范围审查 (2013年1月至2023年6月).
- 包括成人皮肤黑色素瘤患者减强的研究.
- 数据采用针对减强方法,生物标志物和审查的定制工具提取;根据PRISMA-ScR指南使用描述性统计数据进行分析.
主要成果:
- 包括301篇文章:31篇评论,198篇早期生物标志物研究,72篇减强方法研究.
- 确定了五种关键的减强方法:缩短治疗时间,剂量减弱,生物标志物信息,新辅助剂/响应适应和各种.
- 很少有随机对照试验,并且在减强研究中对患者报告的结果 (PRO) 的报告有限.
结论:
- 缩短抗PD-1疗法持续时间和新辅助方法表明黑色素瘤减强的巨大潜力.
- 未来的临床试验应该整合PRO,并专注于生物标志物的临床实用性.
- 需要进一步的研究来制定强有力的减强指导方针.
相关概念视频
Cancer Therapies
9.8K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
9.8K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.6K
Skin Cancer
5.7K
Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
5.7K
Tumor Immunotherapy
1.7K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
1.7K
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.7K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.7K


