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相关概念视频

Translation01:31

Translation

154.9K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
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Translation01:31

Translation

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Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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Allosteric Proteins-ATCase01:19

Allosteric Proteins-ATCase

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Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function.  For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to  N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
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Abnormal Proliferation

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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Optogenetic Phase Transition of TDP-43 in Spinal Motor Neurons of Zebrafish Larvae
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Optogenetic Phase Transition of TDP-43 in Spinal Motor Neurons of Zebrafish Larvae

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在ALS中,TDP-43功能障碍影响了UPF1依赖的mRNA代谢.

Francesco Alessandrini1, Matthew Wright1, Tatsuaki Kurosaki2

  • 1The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Neuron
|December 13, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

上框架转移蛋白1 (UPF1) 功能障碍影响了肌缩侧硬化症 (ALS) 中的运动神经元健康. 这项研究揭示了UPF1的存在.

关键词:
3′ UTR 的时间.这就是ALS.这就是APA APA APA.没有NMD,没有NMD.在TDP-43中使用.在 UPF1 的情况下.替代性的多基化.骨髓缩侧面硬化症 (ALS) 是一种从iPSC衍生的运动神经元.无意义介导的mRNA衰变是无意义介导的

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相关实验视频

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Measuring Glucose Uptake in Drosophila Models of TDP-43 Proteinopathy
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科学领域:

  • 神经生物学 神经生物学 神经生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

  • 向上框架转移蛋白1 (UPF1) 对于mRNA衰变至关重要,维持细胞平衡.
  • 肌缩性侧面硬化症 (ALS) 涉及TAR DNA结合蛋白 43 (TDP-43) 病理以及运动神经元 (MN) 中的mRNA代谢中断.
  • UPF1在ALS发病过程中的具体作用尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 研究UPF1在MNS中的作用,特别是在ALS的背景下.
  • 在iPSC衍生的MN中识别直接的UPF1目标.
  • 阐明UPF1,TDP-43和ALS中的mRNA代谢之间的相互作用.

主要方法:

  • 在UPF1倒置后进行RNA测序 (RNA-seq).
  • 酸化的UPF1.1的RNA免疫沉降序列 (RIP-seq) 的研究.
  • 从健康个体和ALS患者中分析iPSC衍生的MNs.

主要成果:

  • UPF1的点被丰富为自,并拥有富含GC的长3'未翻译区域 (3' UTR).
  • 在TDP-43枯竭和ALS患者的MN中,UPF1活性降低.
  • TDP-43的枯竭会损害UPF1的酸化,并且它们以RNA依赖的方式相互作用,在ALS组织中协同聚集.

结论:

  • 在ALS中,UPF1活性下降,与TDP-43功能障碍有关.
  • UPF1和TDP-43在调节替代多化和3' UTR长度上相聚,这些过程在ALS中被破坏.
  • 这项研究定义了MN中的UPF1mRNA监测网络,并将RNA衰变与ALS神经退行联系起来.