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一个综合性河流健康评估的框架:适用于河流域,中国
Yingxue Song1, Weize Wang1, Xiaoqing Shi2
1State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
Journal of environmental management
|December 14, 2025
概括
从2017年到2023年,河流的健康状况在贝卢河,威河河和海河河流中得到改善. 尽管总体上取得了进展,但比如北路河的污染和河的抽水等具体问题仍然存在,需要有针对性的管理.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 水资源管理 水资源管理
背景情况:
- 河流对于生态系统服务和社会经济发展至关重要.
- 河流域是中国一个重要的生态和经济区域.
- 现有的河流健康评估缺乏全面,综合的方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一个全面的河流健康评估框架,用于北河,河和河.
- 整合五个关键方面:水文,化学,生物,形态完整性和社会服务的可持续性.
- 为维河流域的河流保护和管理提供科学基础.
主要方法:
- 制定了一个整合河流健康五个维度的框架.
- 在物理,化学,生物,地形学和功能属性方面选择了14个代表性指标.
- 使用分析层次过程 (AHP) 权衡五个维度,优先考虑社会服务的可持续性.
主要成果:
- 2017年至2023年期间,这三个河流的河流健康指数 (RHI) 显著改善.
- 贝鲁河:RHI从78.65增加到88.55.
- 威河河:RHI从72.10增加到89.00.
- 海河河:RHI从77.50增加到86.65.
- 确定了具体问题:北路河 (由于污染造成的生物完整性较低),河 (水利完整性和水资源提取造成的社会服务受损),河 (水库运营和旅游业造成的流量调整).
结论:
- 开发的河流健康评估框架有效地反映了河流状况,并确定了特定的缺陷.
- 尽管总体情况有所改善,但仍需要有针对性的干预措施来解决影响生物完整性,水文功能和社会服务的局部问题.
- 该框架为威河流域有效的河流保护和管理策略提供了科学基础.
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