从政策到实践:医学院招生中的社会责任 - - 一个范围审查
Sierra A Land1, Jordyn N Linders1, Hailey C Land1
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Medical education
|December 14, 2025
概括
医学院在招生中使用社会责任来改善健康公平和医生分配. 成功实施需要持续的投资和机构支持,以实现长期影响.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 健康 公平 研究 健康 公平 研究
背景情况:
- 全球各地的医学院在招生中采用社会问责制,以解决健康差异,改善医疗保健的获取.
- 建立了医疗教育社会问责制的现有框架,但其实际实施和结果需要进一步调查.
- 本综述探讨了社会使命目标如何融入医学院招生,以及它们对申请人多样性和劳动力调整的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在全球医学院招生过程中绘制社会使命任务的运作图.
- 检查报告的社会责任倡议对申请人多样性,地理代表性和劳动力一致性的影响.
- 综合关于实施社会使命驱动录取政策的有效性和挑战的发现.
主要方法:
- 使用已建立的框架 (Joanna Briggs Institute,Arksey & O'Malley) 进行了全面的范围审查.
- 在多个数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,科学网,ERIC,教育源) 进行了广泛的文献搜索,直到2024年8月.
- 包括专注于MD入学研究的研究,定义了社会使命目标,并报告了选择/入学结果,数据以描述性合成.
主要成果:
- 包括从1994年至2022年间在全球不同地区进行的17项研究.
- 社会责任的三个关键领域出现了:地理位置/实践位置,社会人口统计公平性和劳动力组成.
- 针对服务不足地区和多元群体的招生策略在增加代表性和普遍意图方面显示出有希望的结果,但注意到实施挑战和有限的长期跟踪.
结论:
- 社会使命驱动的招生可以提高医生劳动力的公平性,并与社区的健康需求保持一致.
- 有效实施需要持续的投资,强大的机构支持和整个教育连续性的整合.
- 需要进一步的研究来应对实施挑战,并追踪这些倡议的长期成果.
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