在SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XEC中的一种非尖端核体R204P突变增强了炎症和病原性
Shuhei Tsujino1,2, Masumi Tsuda3,4, Sayaka Deguchi5,6
1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Nature communications
|December 14, 2025
概括
新的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XEC变种,是JN.1后代的重组,显示病毒适应性和致病性增加. 像核体R204P这样的非尖端突变对其进化和炎症至关重要.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 全球传播的SARS-CoV-2导致了通过重组的Omicron亚变体多样化.
- 在2024年底,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XEC变种从JN.1后代 (KS.1.1和KP.3.3) 的重组中出现,成为全球占主导地位.
研究的目的:
- 调查新出现的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XEC变种的病毒学特征.
- 确定尖峰和非尖峰突变对XEC特征的贡献.
- 评估获得许可的抗病毒药物对XEC的疗效.
主要方法:
- 流行病动态建模以评估病毒适应性.
- 在体外和体内研究,以评估病原性和融合性.
- 分析核突变及其对炎症通路的影响 (NF-κB激活).
主要成果:
- 在XEC中的尖端替代主要导致病毒适应性增加.
- 四种授权的抗病毒药物仍然有效对抗XEC变种.
- 与JN.1相比,XEC在雄性仓鼠中表现出明显更高的内在致病性.
- 在XEC核体R204P突变通过NF-κB激活增强炎症.
结论:
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XEC 变种具有增强的病毒适应性和致病性,由尖端和非尖端突变驱动.
- 非尖端突变,特别是在核体中,在SARS-CoV-2的进化和毒性中发挥着关键作用.
- 对XEC等新兴变种的持续监测和研究对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
相关概念视频
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
17.8K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
17.8K
Leaky Scanning
5.6K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.6K
Viral Mutations
39.5K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
39.5K
Exon Recombination
4.0K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
4.0K
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
6.1K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
6.1K


