在中年和老年人中,脆弱的变化与多种慢性疾病的关联
Tianci Yao1, Chengyun Liu2, Kun Wang2
1Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China.
BMC public health
|December 14, 2025
概括
虚弱状态的变化显著影响慢性疾病风险. 虚弱的进展会增加风险,而恢复会降低风险,这凸显了监测老年人的虚弱的重要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 慢性疾病流行病学 慢性疾病流行病学
背景情况:
- 基线脆弱状态是已知的慢性疾病风险预测指标.
- 有限的证据表明,脆弱状态的变化如何影响新慢性疾病的发生率.
研究的目的:
- 调查衰弱状态的变化与老年人患新慢性疾病的风险之间的关联.
- 为了区分脆弱性进展与恢复对慢性疾病发病率的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 的前性收集数据的回顾性分析.
- 包括7,021名年龄在45岁以上的成年人,在基线 (2011) 和随访 (2013) 中使用洛克伍德脆弱指数 (强壮,前脆弱,脆弱) 评估脆弱性.
- 利用考克斯比例危险回归来分析脆弱状态变化和自我报告的医生诊断的慢性疾病之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 从强壮状态到脆弱前/脆弱状态的进展显著增加了大多数慢性疾病的风险 (HRs: 1.38-2.73),不包括癌症.
- 从脆弱前状态到脆弱状态的进展增加了高血压和记忆疾病的风险 (HRs:1.34,1.63).
- 从脆弱前恢复到强壮状态,以及脆弱到强壮/脆弱前状态的恢复,降低了多种慢性疾病的风险,包括心血管疾病,中风和糖尿病 (HRs:0.39-0.73).
结论:
- 脆弱状态的变化明显与新发慢性疾病的不同风险有关.
- 虚弱的进展与几乎所有研究的慢性疾病的风险增加有关.
- 虚弱恢复与大约一半研究的慢性疾病的风险降低有关.
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