高风险大学生中的艾滋病毒预防级联和PrEP/PEP实施差距 - 四川省,中国,2022-2023年
Chunhua Tian1, Rui Shen2, Qian Hu3
1Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China.
China CDC weekly
|December 15, 2025
概括
中国学生对PrEP和PEP等艾滋病毒预防方法的接受率较低令人担忧. 虽然知识是关键,但结构性障碍显著限制了访问,需要除了教育之外的综合解决方案.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
背景情况:
- 中国大学生对人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的风险增加.
- 在这个人口群体中,暴露前预防 (PrEP) 和暴露后预防 (PEP) 的摄入量特别低,尽管它们已被证明是有效的.
- 现有研究强调了艾滋病毒知识和预防服务的利用之间的差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响中国大学高风险学生服用PrEP和PEP的因素.
- 确定阻碍艾滋病毒预防服务在这一群体中的有效级联流程的主要障碍.
- 为改善PrEP和PEP获取提供信息,制定有针对性的干预措施.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及645名中国高风险大学生的研究.
- 统计分析,包括调整的赔率比率 (aOR),以确定意识和利用的预测指标.
- 评估艾滋病毒知识,服务意识和实际获得PrEP和PEP之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 只有12.87%的学生使用PrEP,13.02%使用PEP.
- 高水平的艾滋病毒知识是对PrEP (aOR=5.62) 和PEP (aOR=3.42) 意识的重要预测因素.
- 大多数 (70%) 了解这些服务的学生没有使用这些服务,这表明结构性障碍比知识缺陷更为普遍.
结论:
- 仅仅是知识缺陷并不能解释PrEP和PEP的低吸收率;结构性障碍是主要的限制.
- 教育干预措施是不够的;解决知识和系统问题的综合战略对于提高获取机会至关重要.
- 公共卫生战略必须整合系统性障碍的解决方案,以有效地扩大PrEP和PEP在艾滋病毒风险较高的大学生中获得的机会.
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