对环境和管理描述因素的综合性农场层面分析,以开发牧场养殖肉牛的有效遗传评估
Talita E Z Santana1,2, Renata Veroneze1, Gilberto R O Menezes3
1Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Vicosa, Vicosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
Translational animal science
|December 15, 2025
概括
气候,土壤和管理实践等环境因素对内罗尔牛的年龄体重 (YW) 有显著的影响. 识别这些关键描述因素可以改善遗传评估和性能预测.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 尼罗尔牛的年龄体重 (YW) 受许多环境和管理因素的影响.
- 精确的遗传评估需要了解并考虑这些宏观环境影响.
- 之前的研究经常将环境影响归为当代组 (CG),可能掩盖特定影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查特定的环境因素和农场管理实践,影响牧场养殖的Nellore牛的一年生体重 (YW).
- 选择关键描述符来解释跨农场的YW变异.
- 为了提高准确性,将这些描述符集成到遗传评估模型中.
主要方法:
- 使用了大型数据集 (143,332只动物,60个农场) 与动物和农场级数据.
- 根据差异解释,对线性和逐步程序选择的农场级描述符.
- 与四种遗传评估模型进行比较:一种传统的动物模型 (M1) 和三种包含环境和/或管理描述因素的扩展模型 (M2,M3,M4).
主要成果:
- 确定了气候,土壤,海拔,技术人员的指导,繁殖季节的时间,母牛的年龄/体重在第一次繁殖时,无耕种,繁殖技术,计划中的年份和土地面积作为关键的YW描述.
- 指导,母牛因子和无耕种显示出与土壤,养和生殖管理有显著的关联.
- 模型M4,包括所有选定的描述符,解释了65.7%的农场之间的YW差异,改善了适合性.
结论:
- 特定的环境和农场管理因素显著解释了Nellore牛的年龄体重变化.
- 将这些详细的描述符集成到遗传模型中,可以提高对YW的准确性和理解.
- 这种方法对于未来的遗传评估,基因型与环境相互作用 (GxE) 研究和性能预测至关重要.
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