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在中国精英武术运动员和短跑运动员的平衡过程中,姿势控制和神经肌肉激活
Huanhuan Zhu1, Xiaobin Wei2, Qingquan Song3
1Sports Training Research Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|December 15, 2025
概括
精英武术家和短跑者表现出类似的平衡,但在核心稳定性和肌肉激活方面有所不同. 武术增强了多面核心控制,而冲刺增强了爆炸力和干部扩展器的使用.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 神经肌肉生理学 神经肌肉生理学
背景情况:
- 姿势控制依赖于核心稳定,协调和平衡,受训练的影响.
- 冲刺开发了拉伸缩短的循环功率和干部扩展器的参与.
- 中国的武术强调多平面的核心-部控制.
研究的目的:
- 比较精英武术家和短跑者,以确定核心稳定性,动态平衡,爆炸力和肌肉激活方面的差异.
- 告知运动条件和交叉训练策略.
- 研究长期训练如何塑造神经肌肉战略.
主要方法:
- 对32名精英男性运动员 (16名武术运动员,16名短跑运动员) 的截面研究.
- 评估包括功能运动屏幕 (FMS),反运动跳跃 (CMJ),式跳跃 (SJ) 和Y平衡测试 (YBT).
- 从干和下肢肌肉记录的时间同步表面电肌图 (sEMG).
主要成果:
- 在整体FMS或YBT中没有显著差异,在组之间达到距离.
- 武术运动员在杆动作中获得更高的分数.
- 短跑者表现出更高的CMJ高度和相对的峰值功率;sEMG在特定任务中显示出不同的肌肉激活模式.
结论:
- 精英武术家和短跑者表现出相似的功能运动和动态平衡.
- 训练专业化导致不同的核心稳定性和神经肌肉策略.
- 研究结果支持有针对性的培养和潜在的跨学科培训应用.
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