儿科风湿病和疫苗接种:一个有前途的联盟
Giovanni Corsello1, Carla Gilotta1, Clotilde Genesia Alizzi2
1PROMISE: Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Frontiers in pediatrics
|December 15, 2025
概括
患有风湿性疾病和自身炎症性疾病 (AID) 的儿科患者通常坚持接种疫苗,但流感和COVID-19疫苗的接种率较低. 父母对疫苗副作用的担忧需要解决,以提高这一弱势群体的疫苗接种率.
科学领域:
- 儿科风湿病学 儿科风湿病学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 免疫抑制药物 (例如甲基,葡萄糖皮质类药物,生物药物) 可能会影响疫苗的反应,并且可能会对其进行禁用.
- 非活体疫苗对于免疫抑制的儿科患者是安全的.
- 血清保护通常在免疫抑制的风湿性疾病或自身炎症性疾病 (AID) 的儿童中保持,除了那些高剂量葡萄皮质激素或B细胞耗尽疗法.
研究的目的:
- 评估患有风湿性疾病和艾滋病的儿科患者的疫苗接种程度.
- 评估这一队伍中强制性,流感和COVID-19疫苗接种情况.
- 识别疫苗接种障碍,并为改善疫苗接受的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对107名儿科患者 (平均年龄为7岁) 进行了回顾性观察性研究,这些患者患有类风湿性疾病和AID.
- 患者被分为四组:青少年异常性关节炎 (JIA),单一性AID,其他类风湿性疾病和MIS-C/Kawasaki疾病.
- 评估遵守强制性疫苗接种,季节性流感和COVID-19疫苗的情况.
主要成果:
- 观察到强制性疫苗接种的高度坚持,最初的父母犹通过激励性访谈得到解决.
- 流感和COVID-19的疫苗接种率低于最佳:14%接种了两种疫苗,32%只接种了COVID-19,15%只接种了流感,39%都没有接种.
- 在两个案例中,特定的免疫抑制治疗 (甲托雷克萨特,阿达利姆巴) 与最初的疫苗犹有关.
结论:
- 支持和全面的信息对于家庭来说至关重要,以鼓励参与疫苗接种活动.
- 接种疫苗有助于改善风湿性疾病和艾滋病患儿童的生活质量.
- 解决家长的担忧是改善儿童类风湿病患者接种流感和COVID-19等重要疫苗的关键.
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