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在临床和基于人口的队列中,自我报告的注意力缺陷/多动性障碍症状的性别差异

Berit S Solberg^1,2, Maj-Britt Posserud^3,4,5, André Høberg¹

¹Department of Biomedicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway.

|December 15, 2025

概括

患有注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 的女性报告症状严重程度比男性更高,这表明潜在的诊断和转诊障碍. 这项研究分析了挪威队列,以探索ADHD症状报告中的这些性别差异.

科学领域:

神经科学和行为科学神经科学和行为科学
精神病学和心理学精神病学和心理学
公共卫生和流行病学

背景情况:

虽然儿童注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 在男性中更为普遍,但女性有时会报告更严重的ADHD相关损伤.
在ADHD症状严重程度和损伤中观察到的这种性别悖论的根本原因仍然不太清楚.
这项研究调查了挪威青少年和成年人自我报告的多动症症状的性别差异,包括那些有或没有正式的多动症诊断的人.

研究的目的:

探索不同年龄组和诊断状态的自我报告的多动症症状的性别差异.
调查挪威基于人口和临床队列的女性和男性在ADHD症状报告中的潜在差异.
为了确定可能与转诊,评估和诊断女性多动症相关的障碍.

主要方法:

来自三个挪威队列的基于人口的数据的分析:母亲,父亲和儿童队列研究 (MoBa), youth@hordaland (y@h) 和挪威成年人ADHD (ANA) 项目.
使用成人多动症自我报告量表 (ASRS-6) 来测量多动症症状的严重程度.
采用线性回归分析来比较性别之间的ASRS-6分数以及患有或没有ADHD的个体之间的ASRS-6分数,报告年龄调整系数和置信区间.

主要成果:

与没有诊断的参与者相比,在所有队列中,被诊断患有ADHD的参与者始终报告了更高的ASRS-6得分.
通过ASRS-6得分来衡量ADHD症状严重程度,在最年轻的参与者中最高,特别是在y@h队列中的女性中.
患有和没有ADHD的个体之间的ASRS-6分数的差异在y@h和ANA队列中的女性比男性要大得多.

结论:

在被诊断和未诊断的个体之间报告的ADHD症状的平均差异在不同挪威队伍中,与男性相比,女性的平均差异更大.
这些发现表明,潜在的系统障碍可能会阻碍女性的转诊,评估和/或诊断ADHD.
需要进一步的研究来理解和解决在ADHD识别和护理中的这些基于性别的差异.

关键词:

诊断 ADHD 诊断 ADHD 的诊断患有多动症 (ADHD) 的症状成年人ADHD成人ADHD的成年人性别差异的性别差异.

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