公平竞争:跨性别者在田径运动中的包容性
Robin M Mathy1, Naaz Mirreghabie1
1Tulane University School of Social Work.
The American journal of orthopsychiatry
|December 15, 2025
概括
限制跨性别运动员的政策可能会加剧健康差距. 允许与性别认同一致的参与可以减少这些差异,促进所有运动员在体育运动中的公平和包容性.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 体育社会学运动的社会学.
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 超过一半的美国州要求跨性别运动员根据出生时分配的性别进行比赛.
- 行政命令14201限制跨性别女性运动员参加体育运动,理由是安全和公平性问题.
- 目前的政策可能会通过限制身体活动来加剧跨性别青少年的健康差异.
研究的目的:
- 挑战基于丸激素水平的跨性别运动员的排斥政策.
- 突出性别和性别作为影响体育资格的社会构造.
- 倡导包容性体育参与,解决健康差异.
主要方法:
- 关于运动表现中的性别差异和的作用的现有文献的审查.
- 自2014年以来,对跨性别人口人口统计学变化的分析.
- 批评涉及跨性别和 cisgender 运动员表现比较的研究方法,特别是关于年轻人的研究.
主要成果:
- 是辩论的主要焦点,但性别和性别是复杂的社会结构.
- 现有的关于跨性别和 cisgender 运动员之间的绩效差异研究有局限性,尤其是在将成年人的发现推广到青少年时.
- 限制性政策可能会对跨性别青年的健康和福祉产生负面影响.
结论:
- 仅仅基于丸激素的排斥政策在科学上是可疑和有害的.
- 包容性体育政策可以减轻健康差异,并促进跨性别运动员的福祉.
- 医疗保健专业人员应该倡导政策变化,支持跨性别运动员的包容.
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