女性面对创伤性压力风险的荷尔蒙机制
Jennifer S Stevens1,2, Madeline Davis1, Cecilia A Hinojosa3
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329.
概括
雌激醇 (E2) 影响女性与威胁感知相关的大脑活动. 这些荷尔蒙波动可能解释了为什么女性更容易患上与压力相关的疾病,如创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD).
科学领域:
- 神经内分泌学神经内分泌学
- 妇女健康研究 妇女健康研究
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 女性表现出不成比例的高率的压力相关疾病,包括创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD).
- 卵巢激素,特别是雌激素 (E2),与情绪和焦虑障碍有关.
- 了解神经生物学机制,将荷尔蒙波动与女性威胁处理联系起来,至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究外源性雌激醇 (E2) 在调节女性威胁神经电路中的作用.
- 确定E2是否影响与威胁感知相关的大脑活动及其与PTSD脆弱性的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项随机,双盲,交叉研究,涉及110名年轻女性.
- 外源性雌激醇 (E2) 的给药时间定在卵巢周期的特定阶段.
- 功能神经成像 (fMRI) 评估大脑活动对威胁线索的反应.
- 在有创伤史和没有创伤史的女性之间比较大脑活动.
主要成果:
- 雌激醇 (E2) 给药增加了腹中前额叶皮层的参与.
- 在早期的质阶段,E2降低了桃体对具有低创伤史的女性威胁的反应.
- 这些E2介导的威胁神经电路调节在患有PTSD的女性中没有观察到.
结论:
- 雌二醇 (E2) 的波动显著调节女性对威胁的神经反应.
- 对E2波动的敏感性可能会导致女性对与压力相关的疾病的脆弱性增加.
- 这些发现突出了一个潜在的神经内分泌机制,是PTSD患病率的性别差异的基础.
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