在城市高速公路出口处驾驶员视觉搜索行为的空间变化特征
1School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China.
Traffic injury prevention
|December 15, 2025
概括
司机在高速公路出口上改变视觉搜索模式,专注于短坡道的指导和长坡道的复杂策略. 这项研究为交通设施设计提供了信息,以提高安全性.
科学领域:
- 人类因素 人类因素
- 交通工程是交通工程.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 了解驾驶员视觉搜索行为对于提高安全性和优化交通设施设计至关重要.
- 城市高速公路出口由于复杂的决策和空间导航要求而面临独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 分析司机在城市高速公路出口的视觉搜索行为中的空间变化.
- 为了研究固定特性和沿着驾驶路径的过渡模式.
- 建立一个人为因素的基础,以改善出口安全性和设计.
主要方法:
- 在短距离和长距离的出口坡道上,与25名参与者进行了一次自然驾驶实验.
- 收集和分析眼动数据,将视野细分为指导,车内和前方定位.
- 计算了诸如固定时间比例,和跨出口路线空间段的过渡概率等指标.
主要成果:
- 当车辆接近出口时,视觉注意力转移到前方固定 (在50-100米以内达到91%的峰值).
- 高固定和搜索分散发生在关键部分 (坡道入口至50米以后的戈尔,坡道终端前50米).
- 短斜坡显示了对指导固定的关注,而长斜坡则由于几何挑战而表现出更高的视觉搜索复杂性和.
结论:
- 司机根据高速公路出口的空间位置动态调整视觉搜索策略.
- 短坡道需要加强车道控制,而长坡道需要同时搜索信息和控制车辆.
- 结果将驾驶员的视觉行为与空间定位联系起来,为更好的空间兼容性和安全提供交通设施设计的信息.
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