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使用强大的机器学习进行城市固体废物管理的先进预测建模
Ka Yin Chau1,2, Massoud Moslehpour3,4, Shin-Hung Pan5
1Centre for Quality Standard & Management, The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Scientific reports
|December 15, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了卷积神经网络 (CNN) 用于优化城市固体废物管理 (MSWM) 预测. 美国有线电视新闻 (CNN) 显著优于其他机器学习模型,为有效规划提供了更准确的废物产生预测.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 城市化和技术的兴起增加了城市固体废物 (MSW),要求先进的预测模型有效的城市固体废物管理 (MSWM).
- 传统的废物管理方法往往是反应性的,缺乏可持续和高效运营所需的前性.
- 机器学习 (ML) 为开发主动的MSWM策略提供了潜力.
研究的目的:
- 整合和评估机器学习 (ML) 技术,包括卷积神经网络 (CNN),支持矢量机器 (SVM),多层感知器 (MLP) 和后勤回归 (LR),以优化MSWM预测.
- 开创CNN用于MSWM预测的应用,解决当前研究中的差距.
- 通过准确的废物产生预测,加强MSWM的战略规划.
主要方法:
- 采用了一个结构化的九步工作流程,包括数据收集,预处理,模型开发和验证.
- 用于培训,测试和验证,使用了Kaggle来源的数据集,其中包括4341个记录和20个变量 (例如人口密度,废物组成).
- 使用统计指标来评估性能,例如R平方 (R2) 和根平均平方误差 (RMSE).
主要成果:
- 卷积神经网络 (CNN) 在训练,测试和验证数据集中表现出卓越的准确性,分别达到0.999,0.996和0.996的R2值.
- 在预测城市固体废物产生方面,CNN的表现优于SVM,MLP和LR.
- 该模型处理非线性关系和数据不规则的能力导致了精确的预测,改善了路线优化和资源配置.
结论:
- 机器学习,特别是CNN,为MSWM提供了一种变革性的方法,使其能够从反应性转向主动管理.
- 准确的废物产生预测提高了运营效率,并支持了环境可持续性目标.
- 该研究强调了使用CNN用于MSWM预测的新性及其规范化策略以防止过度拟合.
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