下肢肌肉协同作用在减速时不同方向变化角度的减速
Hongxiang Zhang1, Haoyang Wang1, Huan Long2
1Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Scientific reports
|December 15, 2025
概括
运动员在改变方向时使用两个肌肉协同模块来减速. 更大的方向变化角度优先考虑膝盖稳定性而不是脚控制,这表明有针对性的训练需要.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
背景情况:
- 改变方向对于足球和篮球等体育运动的表现至关重要.
- 减速是有效改变方向的基本组成部分.
- 了解减速过程中的肌肉激活模式是提高运动表现的关键.
研究的目的:
- 分析大学橄球运动员在方向变化的减速阶段肌肉协同作用.
- 为了确定关键的肌肉群及其参与减速的激活模式.
- 为了研究不同的方向变化角度如何影响肌肉协同活性.
主要方法:
- 从16名男性大学橄球运动员那里收集了肌电图 (EMG) 信号.
- 非负矩阵因子化 (NMF) 用于分析45度左右方向变化期间的肌肉协同作用.
- 量化了肌肉重量和协同模块激活.
主要成果:
- 在减速过程中始终确定了两个稳定的肌肉协同模块.
- 协同模块1涉及两腿肌,半肌和巨大的侧侧肌.
- 协同模块2涉及到大腿直肠,大腿中枢和前腿.
- 在模块1中,方向角变化增加导致骨前部体重减少,而在模块2中增加了巨大的横部和双腿骨体重.
- 在其他协同效应参数 (如激活时间或持续时间) 中没有发现显著差异.
结论:
- 在减速过程中,两种不同的肌肉协同模块用于改变方向.
- 这些模块有助于减速,方向变化和关节稳定.
- 随着方向变化的角度增加,人们开始优先考虑膝关节的稳定性,这可能是以牺牲脚控制为代价的.
- 训练应侧重于增强膝盖稳定性,腿筋异常强度和动态脚控制.
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