人口规模基因表达分析揭示了表达多样性对现代小麦改良的贡献
Zhimeng Zhang1,2, Shengwei Ma3, Mou Yin1,2
1Laboratory of Advanced Breeding Technologies, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature communications
|December 15, 2025
概括
这项研究揭示了通过分析各种品种的基因表达来控制小麦特征的新型基因. 它克服了参考偏差,改善了我们对小麦适应性和繁殖潜力的理解.
科学领域:
- 植物基因组学 植物基因组学
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 基因表达多样性对于作物改进至关重要,但人口基因组学研究主要集中在DNA序列变异上.
- 使用单个参考基因组进行RNA测序 (RNA-seq) 引入了偏差,特别是在作物基因组中的入侵细分.
- 了解基因表达变异是解锁新品种育种策略的关键,用于诸如产量和疾病耐药性等特征.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用RNA-seq. 调查小麦基础农学特征的基因表达变异.
- 通过利用泛基因组资源来解决基于参考的基因组分析的局限性.
- 构建一个全面的基因调控图谱,并确定小麦重要的特征的候选基因.
主要方法:
- 来自中国和美国的328个小麦品种的RNA测序,包括陆地品种和精英品种.
- 利用泛基因组资源来识别超出单个参考基因组 (中国春天) 的限制的转录.
- 进行表达量的特征位点 (eQTL) 分析,建立泛基因调控图谱并识别候选基因.
主要成果:
- 与使用中国春天参考基因组相比,确定了23,296个额外的转录.
- 构建了一个泛基因调控图谱,揭示了进化基因的复杂调控.
- 发现了299个与34个农学特征相关的高可靠性候选基因,以及对8种Blumeria graminis f. sp.的耐药性. 在中国春天的参考文献中缺少超过20%的特里西基分离物.
- 使用Kenong 9204突变库验证候选基因,其中73.7%显示显著的表型效应.
结论:
- 该研究通过使用泛基因组资源,成功地减轻了小麦基因组学中的参考偏差.
- 确定了许多新的基因和调控因素,影响农学特征和抗病能力.
- 突出了由繁殖驱动的定向基因表达变化在小麦适应和改进中的重要作用.
更多相关视频
07:18Obtaining High-Quality Transcriptome Data from Cereal Seeds by a Modified Method for Gene Expression Profiling
Published on: May 21, 2020
7.9K
08:36Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis
Published on: July 16, 2019
12.2K
相关概念视频
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
21.4K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
21.4K
02:39Gene Flow
37.3K
Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
37.3K
01:25Genetic Variation
1.2K
Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
1.2K
01:42What is Gene Expression?
194.0K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
194.0K
01:36What is Gene Expression?
10.8K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
10.8K