在心血管决策中,在医院各级对临床医生进行大型语言模型的比较:一个基于图片的横截面研究
Zixi Zhang1, Yingxu Ma1, Yichao Xiao1
1Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Road, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
Scientific reports
|December 15, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 在医学检查中明显超过了中国心血管临床医生. 这些先进的AI模型在临床推理,知识更新和紧急决策方面表现出卓越的表现,这表明临床支持的潜力.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 临床决策支持系统 临床决策支持系统
- 医疗教育 技术 技术 医学教育
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 在医学知识方面表现有前途,但与人类专家相比,它们的临床实用性尚未得到充分证实.
- 与医疗保健专业人员对LLM绩效的比较对于理解他们在临床实践中的潜在作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较两个领先的LLM,DeepSeek-R1和ChatGPT 4.0的表现,与中国的心血管临床医生相比.
- 评估跨关键领域的LLM能力,包括临床推理,前沿更新,基本记忆和紧急决策.
主要方法:
- 使用100个标准化的心血管多选择题进行了横截面的,基于图片的评估.
- 来自初级和三级医院的30名临床医生与DeepSeek-R1和ChatGPT 4.0.0进行了比较.
- 在四个能力领域评估了绩效,每个领域的模型运行了五次,以评估一致性.
主要成果:
- LLM显著优于临床医生,DeepSeek-R1得分为97分,ChatGPT 4.0得分为95分,而临床医生的平均得分为69.7.
- 两位LLM在所有评估领域都超过了临床医生:临床推理,边界更新,基本记忆和紧急决策.
- 在两种LLM中都观察到高运行到运行的一致性 (κ=0.73对于DeepSeek-R1, κ=0.76对于ChatGPT 4.0).
结论:
- 在基于知识和决策的医疗任务中,LLM在临床医生上表现出明显的优势.
- 在不同医疗保健环境中,LLM显示出补充临床专业知识和改善诊断一致性的潜力.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索LLM在临床工作流程中的整合,以改善患者护理.
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