评估中国活跃衰老的水平和决定因素:基于LDA的主题建模方法
Chunhai Tao1, Rui Deng1,2
1School of Statistics and Data Science, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
Risk management and healthcare policy
|December 16, 2025
概括
中国的活跃老龄化正在改善,教育和城市生活提高了成绩. 年龄和健康状况等因素对老年人积极衰老水平产生负面影响.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 中国面临着独特的人口挑战:快速增长的老年人口和经济繁荣之前的老龄化.
- 现有的活跃老龄化框架主要来自高收入国家,需要对中国采取特定背景的方法.
- 迫切需要一个量身定制的概念和评估框架来衡量中国社会文化和经济背景下的活跃老龄化.
研究的目的:
- 构建一个多维指标系统来衡量中国老年人活跃衰老.
- 评估个人水平的活跃衰老得分,使用量化推导的框架.
- 分析中国活跃老龄化的趋势和相关因素.
主要方法:
- 用于指示器系统构建的潜在迪里克莱特分配 (LDA) 主题模型.
- 采用了来自中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) (2011-2020) 的五波全国代表性小组数据.
- 开发了一个具有6个维度和21个指标的测量系统,评估内部一致性.
主要成果:
- 积极衰老的测量系统包括身体健康,心理健康,社会保障,经济支持,社会参与和终身学习.
- 平均活跃衰老得分为0.4912±0.0907,从2011年到2020年观察到的一致改善.
- 积极老龄化改善的区域差异显著,东部地区显示出最明显的增长.
结论:
- 中国的活跃老龄化水平显示出持续的改善,但区域差异仍然存在,在某些地区正在扩大.
- 教育程度,城市居住,男性性别和婚姻状况是积极老龄化的关键正相关值.
- 高龄,慢性疾病和吸烟与活跃衰老有负面联系;教育,城乡地位,年龄和性别是最有影响力的因素.
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