老年头癌患者手术后失去独立:一个数据库研究
Alexa J Kacin1,2, Valentina Montanez-Azcarate1,2, Zoha Syed3
1Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
The Laryngoscope
|December 16, 2025
概括
在头癌 (HNC) 手术后预测独立性丧失 (LOI) 对老年患者至关重要. 糖尿病,痴呆症和较长的手术等因素增加了LOI风险,而超重可能是保护性的.
科学领域:
- 老年人手术是一项老年人手术.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 患者的治疗结果.
背景情况:
- 失去独立性 (LOI) 是接受头癌 (HNC) 手术的老年患者的一个重大问题.
- 在这个易受伤害的群体中,LOI的预测因素还没有得到很好的定义.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与老年患者 (≥75岁) 经过HNC手术后的LOI相关的术前和术后因素.
- 为临床决策和患者咨询提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用2021-2023年美国外科医生学院国家外科质量改进计划 (ACS-NSQIP) 数据库进行回顾性队列研究.
- 包括75岁及以上的HNC手术和现有的功能状态数据的患者.
- 后勤回归分析以确定LOI的预测因素,定义为在放电时功能状态的下降.
主要成果:
- 在4290名患者中,10.9%的人经历了LOI.
- 相关因素包括糖尿病,转移性疾病,吸烟,痴呆症和最近的跌倒.
- 较长的手术时间 (>5小时) 和延长的住院时间 (≥2天) 显著增加了LOI风险.
- 特定的程序,如自由,喉切除,部剖析,区域和全腔切除术,与较高的LOI概率有关.
- 有趣的是,超重和肥胖患者的LOI概率较低.
结论:
- 术后因素,如并发症,疾病状态和特定的外科手术程序,对于预测LOI至关重要.
- 识别高风险患者允许针对老年HNC患者进行有针对性的干预和知情的手术规划.
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