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关注视觉厌恶:比较故意和无意的目光在令人厌恶的图像

Iveta Štolhoferová¹, Kateřina Freisingerová¹, Aleksandra Chomik¹

¹Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.

Cognition & emotion

|December 16, 2025

概括

恶心的图像会分散注意力,但不会自动吸引注意力. 参与者积极扫描这些刺激,不同的厌恶类别有不同的模式,表明是认知处理,而不是自动视觉捕捉.

科学领域:

心理学心理学心理学
认知科学认知科学
环境心理学环境心理学

背景情况:

讨厌的刺激可以吸引注意力,可以避免.
了解这些影响对于各种领域至关重要.
以前的研究还没有充分探索不同厌恶类别的注意力和避免的细微差别.

研究的目的:

研究令人厌恶的刺激如何影响注意力和视觉行为.
为了比较不同类别的厌恶刺激 (祖先与现代) 的影响.
要区分自动视觉捕获和对厌恶刺激的认知处理.

主要方法:

进行了两项实验,共有100多名参与者.
实验1:厌恶的图像作为分散注意力的东西.
实验2:将恶心图像作为目标,分析四个类别 (动物,腐烂食物,疾病,污染) 的扫描模式.

主要成果:

厌恶的刺激分散了参与者的注意力,除了腐烂的食物.
发现厌恶和中性刺激之间的非自愿视觉注意力没有差异.
参与者积极扫描令人厌恶的刺激,每个类别都有独特的模式,特别是污染.

结论:

厌恶引起的分心来自认知处理,而不是自动视觉捕捉.
没有观察到视觉回避;相反,参与者参与了故意的扫描.
截然不同的扫描模式表明了特定类别的功能性对厌恶的反应,这对环境心理学有影响.

关键词:

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