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相关概念视频

Polymers02:34

Polymers

23.1K
23.1K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

40.2K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
40.2K
Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution01:10

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution

4.6K
For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
4.6K
Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

2.7K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
2.7K
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

2.5K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
2.5K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.2K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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最近在生物启发的高分散聚合物材料方面的进展.

Yifeng Wang1, Xiaohan Sun2, Bin Tang1

  • 1School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.

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此摘要是机器生成的。

科学家们正在开发更安全,高度分散的聚合物材料,这些材料受到大自然的启发. 这项研究的重点是基于纤维素的聚合物作为环保的替代品二氧化用于各种应用.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
  • 生物模拟技术是什么?

背景情况:

  • 高性能散射材料对于许多应用至关重要.
  • 二氧化 (TiO2) 是一种常见的高折射率材料,但具有环境和健康风险.
  • 欧盟将TiO2归类为第二类致癌物质,需要更安全的替代品.

研究的目的:

  • 审查高散射聚合物材料的进展情况.
  • 系统地评估自然聚合物,特别是纤维素及其衍生物,用于分散应用.
  • 探索光电子,可穿戴设备和辐射冷却中的应用.

主要方法:

  • 文献综述和自然聚合物的系统评估.
  • 对生物模拟策略的分析,用于创建光散射结构.
  • 对纤维素材料的光学性能进行评估.

主要成果:

  • 天然聚合物,特别是纤维素,为高度分散的材料提供了可行的途径.
  • 生物仿真方法可以设计高效的光散射聚合物结构.
  • 基于纤维素的材料在光电子,可穿戴设备和被动辐射冷却方面表现有前途.

结论:

  • 高分散性聚合物材料为无机对应物提供了更安全,更可持续的替代品.
  • 纤维素及其衍生物是先进的散射应用的有希望的候选物.
  • 未来的研究应该专注于优化天然聚合物结构,以提高光学性能和各种应用.