增强的死亡分析报告系统对致命伤害的司机中药物检测的影响
1Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 10032 New York, NY, USA.
Accident; analysis and prevention
|December 16, 2025
概括
在2018年之后,吸毒驾驶死亡人数显著增加,原因是死亡分析报告系统 (FARS) 加强了毒理测试. 该研究发现,参与致命事故的司机中,非酒精药物检测率上升,特别是大麻和兴奋剂.
科学领域:
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 吸毒驾驶在美国越来越令人担忧.
- 致命性分析报告系统 (FARS) 在2018年扩大了毒理学数据收集,包括更多的非酒精药物.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估在致命伤害司机之前和之后检测酒精和非酒精药物的变化,FARS在2018年加强了毒理学数据收集.
主要方法:
- 重复的横截面研究设计.
- 使用差异差异,波桑回归和结点回归分析.
- 分析了2013-2017年 (升级前) 和2018-2022年 (升级后) 的FARS数据.
主要成果:
- 酒精使用率保持稳定 (37%).
- 任何非酒精药物的患病率从39.9%增加到55.0% (p < 0.001).
- 在大麻 (14.4%至26.4%),兴奋剂 (9.3%至25.1%) 和抑郁剂 (9.1%至13.7%) 中观察到显著增加.
- 多种物质使用 (≥2种非酒精药物) 从13.6%上升到19.2% (p < 0.001).
- 强化测试与检测任何非酒精药物的42%的增加有关 (aOR 1.42).
结论:
- 2018年FARS的增强显著改善了对致命受伤的驾驶员中非酒精药物使用的检测,包括多重物质使用.
- 调查结果突出显示,驾驶中毒的患病率越来越高,以及全面的毒理学查的重要性.
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