在模拟20公里计时试验中,时间型对骑自行车的表现的影响-试点研究
Sabrina Forster1, Sascha Schwindling2, Chris Abbiss3
1Institute for Sport and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Journal of sleep research
|December 16, 2025
概括
晚间类型的运动员在当天晚些时候表现出更好的20公里骑自行车表现. 这种时间型 (CT) 的差异影响了训练和比赛的安排,特别是在早晨的比赛中.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 年代型 (CT) 描述了个人对早晨 (M) 或晚上 (E) 的日间偏好.
- 了解CT对运动表现的影响对于优化训练和比赛策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究时间型对20公里骑自行车表现在一天不同时间的影响.
- 为了确定特定的时刻型 (M型与E型) 在24小时内是否表现出性能变化.
主要方法:
- 七十六名竞争性男性骑自行车运动员和三项运动员使用早晚问卷根据时间型进行了分类.
- 参与者完成了四个自主步调的20公里骑自行车时间试验,时间为06:00, 12:00, 18:00, 22:00小时,随机顺序.
- 在每次计时赛前评估心理准备.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,晚上与早上相比,骑自行车的表现显著改善 (2.1%的改善).
- 晚间类型 (E型) 运动员在晚上表现明显好于早上,在18:00小时比06:00小时快40秒.
- 与其他时间相比,E型运动员在6点钟报告精神准备程度较低.
结论:
- 晚间类型的运动员在白天晚些时候表现最佳,表现在晚上达到顶峰.
- 时刻型显著影响骑自行车的表现,强调了训练和比赛时刻的重要性.
- 基于时间型的安排考虑可能会提高运动结果,特别是在早晨的比赛中.
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