在精英初级女跳跃体操运动员的下肢不对称
Zhengyang Zhao1, Xiaomei Wei1, Yuanyan Ma2
1College of the Physical Education, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
Scientific reports
|December 16, 2025
概括
精英初级女体操运动员经常发展下肢功能不对称,影响表现和受伤风险. 超过特定值的功率不对称性显著影响顶的上升速度和跳跃力.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动分析 人类运动分析
背景情况:
- 跳跃的重复训练导致下肢功能不对称.
- 这种不对称性会损害运动员的表现,增加运动员受伤的风险.
研究的目的:
- 分析功能不对称性对爆炸力和平衡对精英初级女跳跃者上升速度和地面反应力的影响.
- 研究双边不对称指数 (BAI) 和关键绩效指标之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用表面电肌图 (sEMG),3D力板和红外速度计进行评估.
- 在20名精英初级女体操运动员身上进行了反运动跳跃 (CMJ),Y平衡测试 (YBT) 和跳跃试验.
- 采用配对样本t测试,皮尔森相关性和细分回归分析.
主要成果:
- 在CMJ电力生产中发现了显著的肢体间差异 (约. 18.35%的不对称性).
- Y平衡测试显示,在触及距离和压力中心 (COP) 位移方面存在显著的双边不对称性.
- 在肌肉贡献率上观察到显著的四肢间差异,特别是在关节,大腿直肠,腿筋,前,腹半.
- CMJ功率不对称>10.4%影响跳动力,>14.8%影响上升速度;平衡不对称没有显著的相关性.
结论:
- 精英初级女体操运动员的下肢力量和平衡不对称性具有可测量的值效应.
- 主导和非主导四肢之间存在肌肉激活的显著差异.
- 超过特定值的功率不对称是影响跳跃性能指标的关键因素,例如上升速度和跳跃地面反应力.
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