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乳腺癌中的HER2表达:证据缺口和挑战

Nehal M Atallah^1,2, Cecily Quinn³, Emad Rakha^4,5,6

¹Translational Medical Science, School of Medicine, the University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.

NPJ precision oncology

|December 16, 2025

概括

乳腺癌 (BC) 的分类正在超越HER2-阳性和HER2-阴性. 像HER2-Low和Ultralow这样的新亚型对向疗法表现出不同的反应,需要对HER2表达水平有更深入的了解.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
分子生物学分子生物学
免疫组织化学免疫组织化学

背景情况:

传统的乳腺癌 (BC) 分类依赖于HER2阳性和HER2阴性状态.
新兴证据表明,治疗反应因特定的HER2蛋白表达水平而异.
目前的BC分类使用免疫组织化学 (IHC) 评分分为五个子组.

研究的目的:

审查基于HER2表达的乳腺癌不断变化的分类.
探索HER2-Low和Ultralow亚型在BC中的重要性.
评估在HER2表达的光谱中的差异性治疗反应.

主要方法:

审查BC分类和HER2向治疗的最新进展.
对HER2表达的免疫组织化学评分的分析.
基于HER2水平的不同BC亚型的治疗反应的评估.

主要成果:

现在BC被分为HER2阳性 (IHC 2+放大,3+) 和HER2阴性 (IHC 0,1+,2+非放大) 的亚分类.
由于抗体-药物结合物 (ADC) 的进步,HER2-负BC进一步被分类为HER2-低和HER2-零 (IHC 0).
在 HER2 阳性亚组中观察到对 HER2 向疗法的不同反应.

结论:

传统使用HER2作为简单的诊断标记被新的发现所挑战.
更深入地了解HER2生物学对于优化BC治疗至关重要.
新出现的HER2-Low和Ultralow亚型需要不同的治疗策略.

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