吸烟与痴呆症风险增加有关:HUNT研究,挪威
Christian Myrstad1,2,3, Marie Larssen4, Bo Engdahl5
1Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway. christian.myrstad@aldringoghelse.no.
BMC public health
|December 16, 2025
概括
目前吸烟显著增加了痴呆症的风险,特别是在年轻人中. 戒烟可能会降低风险,为公共卫生干预提供乐观的可能性. 这项研究强调了戒烟对认知健康的重要性.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 吸烟是已知的痴呆症风险因素,但与特定痴呆症亚型的关联以及戒烟的影响需要进一步调查.
- 大规模的纵向研究对于了解吸烟对认知衰退和痴呆风险的长期影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查吸烟作为所有原因痴呆症的独立风险因素.
- 检查吸烟与特定痴呆症亚型 (血管痴呆症,阿尔茨海默氏症痴呆症) 之间的关联.
- 评估戒烟对痴呆风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自特伦德拉格健康研究 (HUNT) 的数据,包括吸烟状态 (HUNT2) 和认知评估 (HUNT4 70+).
- 包括8,532名参与者,在基线吸烟数据收集20年后评估认知状态.
- 采用波桑回归,对缺少的数据进行多次归算,对共变量进行调整,并按年龄和性别分层.
主要成果:
- 当前吸烟者面临31%的全因痴呆风险增加.
- 在随访时,85岁以下的女性的风险增加了54%,而85岁以下的男性的风险增加了36%.
- 目前的吸烟与血管痴呆有关,但与阿尔茨海默氏症痴呆无关;在随访时,在85岁以上的个人中没有发现任何关联.
结论:
- 目前的吸烟与痴呆症,特别是血管性痴呆症的风险更高有关.
- 戒烟似乎可以减轻痴呆症风险,为干预提供了积极的前景.
- 在前吸烟者中没有观察到显著的痴呆风险,这加强了戒烟的好处.
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