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青少年和年轻成年人的指甲矩阵黑色素瘤 - 一个回顾性皮肤镜研究

Bengü Nisa Akay¹, Feride Ongun¹, Aylin Okçu Heper²

¹Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.

Clinical and experimental dermatology

|December 17, 2025

概括

在年轻人中,指甲矩阵黑色素瘤 (NMM) 是罕见的,往往导致诊断延迟. 通过高度怀疑非典型纵向黑色心肌病的早期检测对于更好的结果至关重要.

科学领域:

皮肤病学皮肤病学
在瘤学瘤学.
病理学病理学病理学

背景情况:

甲黑色素瘤 (NMM) 是一种罕见的黑色素瘤亚型,占所有病例的2-3%.
虽然在老年人中更为常见,但30岁以下的NMM发病率很少见,导致诊断延迟,特别是纵向黑色.
发病率因种族而异,在非洲和亚洲人群中更高.

研究的目的:

在40岁或更年轻的患者中描述NMM的临床,皮肤镜和组织病理特征.
在这个代表性不足的年龄组中提高对NMM的认识.

主要方法:

经遗传学确认的NMM病例 (2015-2025) 的回顾性审查.
分析患者的人口统计,临床表现,皮肤镜图案和组织学发现.
多学科指甲单元活检,涉及指甲外科医生和皮肤病理学家.

主要成果:

59名NMM患者中有25名年龄在40岁以下,其中15名年龄在30岁以下 (所有黑色素瘤都在现场).
在≤40组中,88%的人患有本位黑色素瘤,12%的人患有侵入性黑色素瘤 (平均Breslow 1.0毫米).
皮肤透视显示不规则的纵向线 (95.7%),多种颜色 (65.3%),并行性被破坏 (73.9%);螺旋黑色心病在26.0%.

结论:

NMM发生在青少年和年轻成年人中,通常未得到充分的认可,尽管早期检测,但诊断延迟很常见.
在青春期后,对孤独的,非典型的纵向黑色素质病的高度怀疑指数对于提高诊断准确性至关重要.
在患有NMM的年轻患者中,早期诊断和干预对于最佳结果至关重要.

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