基准测试和优化基于微生物组的生物信息工作流程,以进行肠道瘤的非侵入性检测
Yangyang Sun1, Yongxiang Huang1, Ruichen Li1
1College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
Microbiome research reports
|December 17, 2025
概括
机器学习模型可以使用肠道微生物组数据检测结直肠癌和腺瘤. 全基因组射击枪 (WGS) 测序和特定特征选择方法,结合合体学习算法,提供强大的疾病检测.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 机器学习在医学中的应用.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 人体肠道微生物组越来越多地被认为与各种疾病状态有关.
- 机器学习 (ML) 对开发基于微生物组数据的新型疾病检测工具具有重大前景.
- 机器学习工作流程中的变量,包括特征类型,预处理,特征选择和算法,会影响预测性能.
研究的目的:
- 用肠道微生物组数据系统评估和优化用于分类结直肠癌和腺瘤的机器学习方法.
- 对大量分析管道进行基准测试,以确定疾病检测的最佳策略.
- 开发和验证基于微生物组的肠道疾病检测的强大,可通用的框架.
主要方法:
- 通过使用4217个便样本,对6468个独特的分析管道进行了全面评估.
- 分析了全基因组枪 (WGS) 和16S核糖体RNA基因 (16S) 测序数据.
- 模型的性能是用接收器运行特征曲线 (AUC) 下的面积进行量化,并进行双重验证 (交叉验证和离开一个数据集).
主要成果:
- 全基因组快枪 (WGS) 数据通常优于16S测序数据用于疾病分类.
- 物种级的基因组库,物种和属属特征显示了WGS数据的最高歧视力.
- 基于Amplicon序列变异的特征对16S数据是最佳的;威尔科克森排列和值测试和数据正常化提高了性能.
- 集体学习模型,特别是极端梯度提升和随机森林,是表现最好的分类器.
结论:
- 在全面评估的基础上,开发了一个优化的基于微生物组的检测框架 (MiDx).
- 在一个独立的数据集上,MiDx框架展示了强大的概括性.
- 这为未来基于16S和WGS的肠道疾病检测提供了系统和实际的框架.
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