估计加拿大2021年注射毒品的人口规模
Anson Williams1, Justin Sorge1, Simone Périnet1
1Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.
概括
据估计,有388,400名加拿大人曾经注射过毒品,最近注射了100,3万人. 这些数据对于监测艾滋病毒和C型肝炎等传染病以及为公共卫生战略提供信息至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 药物使用研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 注射药物使用者 (PWID) 面临不成比例的高艾滋病毒和型肝炎感染率.
- 准确的种群规模和PWID分布估计对于疾病监测和消除工作至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计加拿大有史以来注射毒品的人口规模,按性别,地区和类固醇注射分层.
- 估计加拿大最近注射药物 (过去12个月) 的人口规模,按性别和类固醇注射分层.
- 这项研究为有史以来注射药物的人提供了第一个国家和省级估计,包括性别和类固醇注射分层.
主要方法:
- 利用加拿大社区健康调查 (CCHS) 的综合周期 (2017-2021年).
- 将注射药物使用的加权流行率应用于2021年加拿大统计局的人口估计 (年龄15岁以上).
- 纳入 CCHS 中未采样的人口和注射药物使用报告不足的调整.
主要成果:
- 在2021年,估计有388,400名加拿大人 (15岁以上人口的1.22%) 曾经注射过毒品;75%的男性,25%的女性.
- 区域性流行率从0.92%到2.47%不等.
- 估计有100300名加拿大人 (0.31%的人口) 最近注射毒品 (过去12个月);男性74%,女性26%.
结论:
- 国家和省/地区估计注射毒品的人数是必不可少的.
- 这些估计支持跟踪关键的流行病学指标.
- 数据为公共卫生政策和传染病控制计划提供信息.
相关概念视频
Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data
653
Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
653
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters
133
It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
133
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections
229
Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
229
Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods
250
Determining the optimal dose size and dosing frequency in pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. This article explores the methodologies employed in determining these parameters, focusing on their significance and interplay to tailor dosing regimens.Dose Size: Dose size refers to the amount of a drug administered in a single dose. It is determined based on the drug's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and...
250
Drug Concentrations: Measurements
1.0K
Drug concentration is the quantity of a drug present in a biological sample. Measuring drug amounts in biological samples allows the clinician to understand how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Samples can be obtained through invasive or non-invasive methods. Invasive techniques involve surgical or parenteral interventions to gather blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or tissue biopsy. Conversely, non-invasive approaches provide samples like urine, feces, and saliva.
Plasma...
Plasma...
1.0K
Estimating Population Standard Deviation
3.3K
When the population standard deviation is unknown and the sample size is large, the sample standard deviation s is commonly used as a point estimate of σ. However, it can sometimes under or overestimate the population standard deviation. To overcome this drawback, confidence intervals are determined to estimate population parameters and eliminate any calculation bias accurately. However, this only applies to random samples from normally distributed populations. Knowing the sample mean and...
3.3K


