通过政策行动在美国扩大HPV疫苗接种:呼吁立法支持
1Department of Nursing, Manning College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
Policy, politics & nursing practice
|December 17, 2025
概括
在9至17岁的儿童中,人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种率较低,每年导致数千例可预防的癌症. 政策变化,包括学校入学要求,可以显著增加HPV疫苗接种率,并预防未来的癌症病例.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 预防癌症 预防癌症
背景情况:
- 人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种尚未得到充分利用,到2022年,只有38.6%的9-17岁儿童至少接种了一剂疫苗.
- 覆盖率低,特别是在年幼的儿童 (7.3%为9-10岁),导致每年约36,000例可预防的HPV相关癌症病例.
- 大都会和非大都会地区之间存在HPV疫苗接种率的显著差异.
研究的目的:
- 为州立法者提出基于证据的政策建议,以提高HPV疫苗接种率.
- 解决9-17岁儿童和青少年中HPV疫苗未充分使用的问题.
- 突出增加疫苗接种对癌症预防和医疗保健成本的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 审查目前的HPV疫苗接种覆盖率数据.
- 对疫苗接种率差异的分析.
- 为州立法者制定政策建议.
主要成果:
- 实施学校入学要求,增加资金和提供者教育可以提高HPV疫苗接种率.
- 这些措施可以预防90%的宫癌,并减少与HPV相关的其他癌症.
- 据估计,在十年内,可以节省35亿美元的医疗保健费用.
结论:
- 迫切需要采取政策行动,以提高儿童和青少年的HPV疫苗接种率.
- 增加HPV疫苗接种可以预防大量癌症病例,并减少医疗保健支出.
- 有针对性的干预措施对于克服差距和改善疫苗获取至关重要.
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