一个人工智能程序的验证,用超声波来表征乳腺结节的特征
Maria Julia Gregorio Calas1, Mariana Loureiro Lemos2, Marcelo Adeodato Bello3
1IDOMED - University Estácio de Sá; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Centro de Imagem São Vicente Rede D'Or; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Clinical imaging
|December 17, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 在超声波上对乳腺病变进行分类时显示出高灵敏度和低假阴性率,作为一种有价值的诊断辅助. 然而,AI的性能在某些乳房象限和不规则的损伤区域是有限的.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 乳房超声波取决于操作者,影响诊断的准确性.
- 人工智能 (AI) 具有提高乳腺病变特征的潜力.
- 人工智能可以帮助临床医生做出更明智的诊断决策.
研究的目的:
- 为了验证AI系统 (Koios DS v3.1) 的性能,用于乳腺成像报告和数据系统 (BI-RADS) 乳腺病变的分类.
- 将基于AI的BI-RADS分类与传统的超声波和组织病理学发现进行比较.
- 评估AI系统的诊断协议和有效性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及100名乳腺病变的妇女的横截面诊断研究.
- 对所有病变进行了组织病理学分析.
- 从传统超声波,人工智能和基因病理学对BI-RADS分类的比较.
- 诊断一致性 (卡帕统计) 和有效性指标 (敏感性,特异性,假阴性率) 的计算.
主要成果:
- 人工智能在93%的病例中发现了病变.
- 在AI和传统超声波BI-RADS分类之间观察到适度的一致性 (Kappa = 0.405).
- 人工智能证明了与组织病理学有实质性的一致性 (卡帕=0.626),具有95.6%的灵敏度,68.0%的特异性和2.1%的假阴性率.
- 在下部/中部象限和不规则的异质区域的病变中,发现了更高的不一致率.
结论:
- 通过超声波对乳腺病变进行分类,AI显示出高灵敏度和低假阴性率.
- 人工智能系统有可能成为乳腺病变诊断中的补充工具.
- 存在限制,特别是在特定乳房象限和不规则的异质区域的病变.
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