从自然获得的免疫力对E型肝炎病毒再感染的长期保护
Xiaohui Liu1,2, Xia Zang3, Kongxin Zhu1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Nature communications
|December 17, 2025
概括
对E型肝炎病毒 (HEV) 的自然获得的抗体提供了对再感染和严重疾病的持久保护. 较高的基线抗体水平与感染风险降低相关,随着时间的推移显示出显著的自然免疫力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 人类天然肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 感染所产生的长期保护性免疫力尚不清楚.
- 评估自然获得的抗体对HEV再感染的耐用性和有效性以及临床结果对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估天然获得的抗体对E型肝炎病毒 (HEV) 再感染和成年人临床进展的耐用性和保护效果.
- 确定基线抗HEVIgG抗体度与HEV感染和疾病的风险之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在103个月的时间内对7032名来自中国HEV疫苗第三阶段试验的成年安慰剂接受者进行了纵向分析.
- 在积极监测期间评估基线抗HEV IgG血清阳性和度与HEV再感染和症状性肝炎E病例相关.
主要成果:
- 与血清阴性个体相比,基线抗HEV IgG血清阳性对再感染的保护率超过50%,在8.5年内持续保护.
- 观察到非线性剂量反应:抗HEVIgG≥0.25WHO单位/毫升与≥50%的感染风险降低相关;较高水平与较低风险相关.
- 自然免疫力对临床明显的E型肝炎提供了约70%的保护,所有住院病例发生在基线血清阴性个体中.
结论:
- 自然获得的E型肝炎病毒 (HEV) 免疫力提供了持久的,尽管不完整的,对再感染和症状性疾病的保护.
- 基线抗体水平在确定对HEV感染的保护程度方面发挥着重要作用.
- 研究结果支持自然HEV免疫的重要性,但强调需要持续警和潜在的疫苗接种策略.
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