在德语和日语的句子处理中,eye-tracking上下文形式效应
Valentina N Pescuma1, Kohei Haneda2, Aine Ito2,3
1Department of German Studies and Linguistics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. pescumav@hu-berlin.de.
Scientific reports
|December 17, 2025
概括
语言处理受社会背景的影响,如形式. 这项研究发现,形式效应在德语中比在日语中更晚出现,反映了语言对社会层次的编码方式的差异.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 语境迅速影响语言处理.
- 社会信息 (尊重,形式) 对不同文化和语言背景的语言处理的影响仍然不清楚.
- 语言对社会层次的语法编码有所不同,这影响了形式的处理方式.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会形式如何影响德语和日语语言处理.
- 为了比较不同社会层次结构的语言中形式处理的时间和性质.
- 为了确定与形态语法处理相比,形式效应是立即的还是延迟的.
主要方法:
- 在德语句子对中的操纵形式一致性.
- 在日语句子中操纵的形式风格 (高尚与谦卑).
- 测量读取时间 (第一次通过,第一次固定时间) 来评估处理.
- 用德语的形态语法不一致作为立即处理的基线.
主要成果:
- 在德语中,形式不匹配效应比形态语法不匹配效应晚出现.
- 在日语中,形式效应很早就被观察到 (在第一个不匹配的单词上) 在以后的测量 (第一个固定时间) 中.
- 处理差异与形式在语法上编码的程度有关.
结论:
- 根据语言的社会层次结构,形式处理速度因语言而异.
- 像日语这样的语言,在语法上编码社会标记,比像德语这样的语言更早地表现出形式效应.
- 这些发现有助于理解社会认知和语言处理中的跨语言变异.
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