营养SighT:可解释的变压器模型用于机械通风患者营养不良肠道营养的动态预测
Mateen Jangda1, Jayshil Patel2, Akhil Vaid1
1The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Nature communications
|December 17, 2025
概括
一个新的AI模型,NutriSighT,准确地预测机械通风患者的营养不良. 这个工具可以帮助个性化营养治疗,以获得更好的重症监护结果.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 营养支持营养支持
背景情况:
- 适当的肠道营养对于机械通风患者来说至关重要但具有挑战性.
- 营养不良是很常见的,并且与这一群体的不良结果有关.
- 需要预测模型来识别有风险的患者,以便及时进行干预.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证NutriSighT,一种基于变压器的模型,用于预测机械通风患者的营养不良.
- 为了比较NutriSighT与XGBoost在营养不良预测方面的表现.
- 评估该模型在识别在通风3至7天之间每日热量需求不足70%的患者中的实用性.
主要方法:
- 开发NutriSighT,一个具有可学习位置编码的变压器模型.
- 对两个ICU数据库 (阿姆斯特丹UMCdb和MIMIC-IV) 的回顾性分析,分别包括3284名和6456名成年患者.
- 用于预测营养不良的NutriSighT和XGBoost模型的内部和外部验证.
主要成果:
- NutriSighT实现了0.81的接收器操作特征曲线 (AUROC) 下的内部面积和0.70.70的精度召回曲线 (AUPRC) 下的面积.
- 外部验证证明了NutriSighT的有效性,AUROC为0.76和AUPRC为0.70.
- XGBoost的表现明显较低,内部的AUROC为0.58和AUPRC为0.48.
结论:
- 该NutriSighT模型在预测机械通风患者的营养不良方面表现强.
- 这种由人工智能驱动的方法为在重症监护机构个性化营养治疗提供了一个有前途的工具.
- 早期识别营养不良患者可能有助于改善临床结果.
相关概念视频
Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding
1.1K
Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
1.1K
Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding
757
Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube...
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube...
757
Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings
2.4K
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving technique for managing acute respiratory failure and other respiratory complications. The process involves using a machine known as a ventilator to supply oxygen to the lungs and assist in removing carbon dioxide. It serves as a bridge to long-term mechanical ventilation or a temporary measure until ventilatory support is discontinued. The ventilator can maintain this function for a prolonged period, providing critical support for patients until they can...
2.4K
Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios
491
In scenarios involving parallel transformers with disparate ratings, developing per-unit models requires accommodating off-nominal turns ratios. This situation arises when the selected base voltages are not proportional to the transformer’s voltage ratings. Consider a transformer where the rated voltages are related by the term a. If the chosen voltage bases satisfy a relationship involving term b, term c is defined as the ratio of these bases. This ratio is then substituted into the...
491
Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation
594
Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
594
Ventilatory Modes
1.2K
Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
1.2K


