美国野火燃烧区灾难数据,2000-2025 美国野火燃烧区灾难数据,二十年半
Lauren B Wilner1, Logan Piepmeier2, Milo Gordon3
1Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA.
Scientific data
|December 17, 2025
概括
影响社区的野火灾难正在增加,在2000-2025年期间,在美国发现了6000多起. 这项研究创建了一个国家数据集,以了解这些对野生土地-城市界面 (WUI) 社区日益增长的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 灾难科学 科学 灾难科学
背景情况:
- 野火频率和城市扩张到容易发生火灾的地区增加了野地-城市界面 (WUI) 社区的风险.
- 野火与社区的距离可以造成直接伤害 (热量,火焰,烟雾) 和间接伤害 (心理社会压力因素),导致灾难.
- 现有的数据分散了野火的影响,阻碍了全面的分析.
研究的目的:
- 创建第一个全美范围的野火燃烧区灾难的空间数据集.
- 建立明确的标准来识别和量化野火燃烧区灾害.
- 分析这些灾害的趋势和地理分布.
主要方法:
- 协调了六个不同的野火数据集,构建了一个统一的空间数据库.
- 定义野火燃烧区灾难为社区附近的野火 (≥96人/平方公里或WUI标准),造成死亡,结构损失或联邦灾害声明.
- 分析了2000年至2025年的数据.
主要成果:
- 从2000年到2025年,确定了6,212起美国野火燃烧区灾难.
- 观察到每年野火燃烧区灾难的趋势越来越大,从2001年的61起到2011年的570起 (中位数为217).
- 加利福尼亚州的灾难数量最多 (878,14.1%).
结论:
- 野火燃烧区灾难对美国社区构成重大和日益增长的威胁.
- 开发的数据集为人口,经济和公共卫生研究提供了至关重要的资源.
- 调查结果可以为政策决策和资源分配提供信息,以减轻野火风险和提高社区抵御能力.
相关概念视频
01:29Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response
431
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
431
01:50Threats to Biodiversity
26.5K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
26.5K
01:11Hazard Rate
379
The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
379
01:22Burn Injuries
4.0K
Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
4.0K
02:41Responses to Drought and Flooding
11.9K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
11.9K
01:17Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
269
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
269